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Heros, humanity and evolution
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article category Books > Biography
 
main topic tags evolution
 
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I just finished reading Robin Lane Fox's ALEXANDER THE GREAT, first published by Allen Lane in 1973. It is a painstakingly researched book that he claims in his preface to not be a biography; this genre requires more concrete evidence than that which was available to him. He admonishes that "any reader who takes it as a full picture of Alexander's life has begun with the wrong suppositions." Nonetheless, he paints a vivid picture not only of the Homerically-inspired hero, but of that hero's era. I reference this article with the word "evolution" because reading about Alexander's and his armies' accomplishments reminded me how little we have evolved as a species since that time--4th century BC. The accomplishments of people living over two thousand years ago were extraordinary compared even to our own. They had the intelligence and the strength to build causeways half a mile into the sea in order to beseige cities, to grow and transport food across thousands of miles for tens of thousands of soldiers, and to build weapons and fleets of ships in a matter of months that could transport again tens of thousands of soldiers. What brilliant engineering and logistics did they possess? Who among us today is capable of doing such things? Of course many people are, and some of our species put ourselves into space. But given the accomplishments of our predecessors with the technology that existed to them (about a thousand years into the Iron Age), I have to think that many of them would be our intellectual and physical superiors. Of course our genetic resources cuts in many ways. Alexander's intentions were glorious and partly inspired by the poetry of Homer, but they were also barbaric and brutally destructive. Among his "skills" was the ability to disingenuously but convincingly justify his murder of thousands of people by pretending to liberate them from their Persian overlords and bring to them Greek culture. If this sounds familiar . . . Anyway, what a piece of work is man! Even when his reason lacks nobility.


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New World Rules
That sounds like a great read, and I can relate to your enthusiasm for it--I just finished 1491 by Charles C. Mann; as the title suggests, it's a survey of the latest anthropology about the New World before Columbus. Some of it represents revisionism of earlier thinking--for example, that the population of this hemisphere was far larger than previously thought, and North American peoples actively cultivated crops and forests rather than "living lightly on the land." Other parts make clear the sheer volume and diversity of cultures that were active over the centuries, from the Plains to the Andes. The cultural, scientific, engineering, philosophical, etc. accomplishments of these folks boggle the mind ... it could easily have been heartbreaking, given what was lost (largely to infection by European disease), but it manages to be inspirational as well, partly because they guy's just such a good writer. (And yes, these were hardly noble savages--they could be just as bloodthirsty, conniving, and venal as any other human culture, contrary to the patronizing myths applied to them by Americans with guilty consciences!)






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